This document includes a protocol to assess equity in health financing and service use in Fiji and Timor-Leste that was meant to support government efforts to improve access to healthcare, moving towards universal health coverage, The specific objective of the study protocol in Fiji was to undertake a whole-of-system analysis of the equity of health system financing and health services use, identifying both who paid for healthcare and who benefited from the healthcare expenditures. This study in Fiji was the first attempt to undertake a nationally representative household survey on utilization of healthcare services and to use an electronic data collection system in a household survey.