The Federal Law on Health Insurance (KVG) was first published on March 18, 1994 and came into effect on January 1, 1996. It was introduced as part of a major reform to provide universal healthcare coverage in Switzerland and regulate both health insurance and healthcare services across the country. The law has since undergone amendments to adapt to changing healthcare needs and economic conditions, but its core principles of universal access, financial protection, and solidarity remain intact.
The KVG mandates that all individuals residing in Switzerland must enroll in a health insurance fund. This ensures that everyone has access to essential healthcare services without facing financial hardship. The law introduces the concept of basic health insurance, which is provided by private, non-profit insurers but is highly regulated by the government.
Insurers must offer a standardized package of benefits under the basic plan, covering a wide range of medical services such as outpatient care, hospitalization, prescription drugs, and maternity care. The law prohibits insurers from rejecting applicants or varying premiums based on health status, thereby promoting solidarity across the system. The main provisions include:
- All residents, including foreign nationals living in Switzerland, are legally required to obtain health insurance.
- Individuals must register with an insurance provider within three months of arrival or birth in Switzerland. Failure to do so may result in the government assigning a provider.
- Health insurance premiums are not based on income but vary depending on the region and insurer.
- To ensure affordability, the government provides income-based subsidies to low-income individuals and families.
- The law also implements cost-sharing measures, such as deductibles and co-payments, to prevent excessive use of healthcare services.
- The law emphasizes preventive care and public health initiatives to reduce the long-term burden of disease
- Insurance funds are required to support campaigns promoting healthy lifestyles and early disease detection.
This Federal Law on Health Insurance remains a critical foundation for Switzerland’s health policy, reflecting the country’s commitment to protecting the health and well-being of all residents through universal, equitable, and sustainable healthcare coverage.
For full legal details, you can visit the official Fedlex page on the KVG law.
