Strong economic growth in recent years has helped reduce poverty to 43 percent of the population. Yet, as Africa’s population expands, it is estimated to reach 2.5 billion by 2050, the region faces a critical challenge of creating the foundations for long-term inclusive growth. Many countries still contend with high levels of child and maternal mortality, malnutrition is far too common, and most health systems are not able to deal effectively with epidemics and the growing burden of chronic diseases, such as diabetes. This Framework for Action calls for renewed commitments and accelerated progress toward universal health coverage (UHC).