This health budget brief explores the extent to which the Government of Rwanda addresses the health needs of children under 18 years of age and mothers in Rwanda. The brief analyses the size and composition of the budget allocation for the 2017/18 fiscal year, and the adequacy of past spending under the health sector of Rwanda. The budget briefs aim to synthesize complex budget information so that it is easily understood by stakeholders inside and outside the government, and to inform decision makers through key messages for policy and financing changes.