The number of documents available on the P4H Network’s digital platform reflects the network’s scope of work. The majority of documents are primary source materials created by country nationals or resources produced by organizations working in social health protection (SHP) and/or health financing (HF).
New WHO report on Estonia identifies policies to make health care more affordable for people with low incomes
On International Universal Health Coverage Day 2023, WHO/Europe highlights a critical report on the affordability of health care in Estonia. On International Universal Health Coverage Day 2023, a new report on affordable access to health care in Estonia reveals that 1...
30 years of primary health care reforms in Estonia: The role of financial incentives to achieve a multidisciplinary primary health care system
Estonia has shifted from a hospital-centered system to strengthening primary healthcare (PHC) since the 1990s. Recent reforms emphasize multidisciplinary care, integrating home nurses, midwives, and physiotherapists, while promoting PHC centers over single-physician...
Estonian Health Insurance Fund published its 2023 annual report
The Health Insurance Fund of Estonia, folloing best practices in management, has published its annual reports since 2002 to in its webpage here. The latest annual report for year 2023 is available in English language. Foreword by the Executive board of the Health...
Automating and increasing protection from user charges for outpatient medicines: the Estonian experience
User charges affect access to health care. In 2018, Estonia lowered thresholds and automated reduced co-payments for medicines via e-prescriptions, removing barriers. This increased eligibility and reduced out-of-pocket costs, improving financial protection. A new...
Health Insurance Act of Estonia 2002
The Estonian Health Insurance Act adopted on 19.06.2002 (RT I 2002, 62, 377), regulates joint health insurance (hereinafter health insurance). This act defines that health insurance is "a system of covering health care costs for the prevention and treatment of...
Health Care Services Organization Act of Estonia 2001
Health Care Services Organization Act, adopted on 09.05.2001 (RT I 2001, 50, 284) is effective since 01.01.2002, and was last amended on 18.10.2024. The law stipulates the organization and requirements for the provision of health care services and the procedure for...
Can people afford to pay for health care- Evidence on financial protection in 40 countries in Europe
The WHO Barcelona Office for Health Systems Financing has published a report reviewing financial protection in 40 countries in Europe.Financial protection – affordable access to health care – is undermined when out-of-pocket payments for health care lead to financial...
Estonia: health system summary, 2022
Abstract This Health system summary is based on the Estonia: Health System Review published in 2018 in the Health Systems in Transition (HiT) series, and is significantly updated, including data, policy developments and relevant reforms as highlighted by the Health...
How can digital technologies be used to enhance health financing? Claims management in Estonia
Published by the WHO Barcelona Office for Health Systems Financing as part of their health financing policy papers, this brief explores how the Estonian Health Insurance Fund claims management process has been further digitalized over time, how this has enabled the...
Reimagining governance for strategic purchasing: evidence from 10 countries in eastern Europe and central Asia
The WHO Barcelona Office for Health Systems Financing has published this policy paper as part of a series. It is a study on health purchasing governance in 10 countries in eastern Europe and central Asia (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Estonia, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia,...