The number of documents available on the P4H Network’s digital platform reflects the network’s scope of work. The majority of documents are primary source materials created by country nationals or resources produced by organizations working in social health protection (SHP) and/or health financing (HF).
Health Financing in Brazil: perspectives of states and municipalities
This book, published in June 2025, presents an in-depth analysis of the challenges and opportunities of public health financing in Brazil, especially at state and municipal levels. The authors show, based on analysis of data from the Public Health Budget Information...
Out-of-pocket cost and financial catastrophe of patients with cancer: the alarming cost-of-illness in Bangladesh
This study assessed the annual out-of-pocket (OOP) costs of cancer care for patients in Bangladesh, their coping mechanisms, and the financial distress they experienced. Using data from three hospitals, researchers estimated an average annual OOP cost of US$ 6,504 per...
Automatic Health Insurance Enrollment for Vulnerable Individuals: Opportunities for Egypt’s Universal Health Insurance System
This note offers insights on how Egypt can move forward to achieve automatic UHIS coverage for vulnerable groups. Automatic enrollment would help eliminate barriers to UHIS coverage, get rid of long queues for applicants, decrease the administrative burden on...
National Health Policy 2015-2030, Moving towards Universal Health Access and Coverage in Paraguay
Decree 4541 of the Presidency of the Republic of Paraguay approved the National Health Policy of Paraguay in December 2015. It is the roadmap to follow in terms of public health, for universal access to health in the country for the period from 2015 to 2030. Strategy...
Innovative financing for noncommunicable diseases in Asia and the Pacific
The publication Innovative Financing for Noncommunicable Diseases in Asia and the Pacific, released by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) in June 2025, examines new strategies to tackle the growing burden of NCDs in the region. Despite noncommunicable diseases...
Health Technology Assessment (HTA) guidelines
The Department of Health (DoH) in Abu Dhabi has released comprehensive Health Technology Assessment (HTA) guidelines to guide the adoption, reimbursement, and governance of emerging health technologies. These guidelines aim to ensure that costly and innovative...
The health taxonomy: The need for a common investment toolkit
The Health Taxonomy Report: The Need for a Common Investment Toolkit, published by The G20 & G7 Health and Development Partnership and its collaborators, marks a significant step in advancing health financing. Building on the momentum of the 2025 World Health...
Social health insurance, health services utilization and procurement of private health insurance in Thailand’s multi-payer universal health system
Thailand’s entire population is insured under one of the three main public health insurance schemes: the Universal Coverage Scheme (UCS), the Social Security Scheme (SSS), and the Civil Servant Medical Benefit Scheme (CSMBS). This study investigated differences in...
Long-term financial sustainability of Rwanda’s universal health coverage model: Challenges and solutions (2011 – 2021) and Vision 2050
Since 2000, Rwanda has made remarkable progress toward universal health coverage (UHC) through a Community-Based Health Insurance (CBHI) system, but now faces chronic financial sustainability challenges as it aims for higher health-care standards under Vision 2050. A...
Healthcare managers’ perspectives on direct health facility financing in Tanzania
Health financing reforms are crucial for improving efficiency, transparency, and service delivery in low- and middle-income countries, where health systems often operate under tight resource constraints. In Tanzania, the Direct Health Facility Financing (DHFF)...
Private equity investment in long-term care: The case of Ireland
Private equity (PE) firms play a significant role in the financialisation of healthcare systems, yet research has largely overlooked their direct involvement, especially outside the U.S. This study investigates the drivers behind PE investments in Ireland’s long-term...
Impact of Medical Insurance Penetration and Macroeconomic Factors on Healthcare Expenditure and Quality Outcomes in Saudi Arabia
The study analyzed the determinants of the Healthcare Quality Index (HQI) in Saudi Arabia from 1990 to 2024 to assess both short-term dynamics and long-term relationships among key economic and healthcare variables. Findings reveal that, in the short term, GDP and...
Health financing progress matrix assessment: Kazakhstan 2023
The report assesses Kazakhstan's health financing system using the WHO Health Financing Progress Matrix, highlighting significant improvements in coverage and reliance on public funding over the past two decades. However, it identifies challenges such as low public...
Reconfiguring health purchasing for universal health coverage: insights from Nepal with relevance to low- and middle-income countries
Nepal's shift to federalism and the National Health Insurance Program (NHIP) aimed for universal health coverage, but persistent structural flaws undermine strategic purchasing and system efficiency. The Ministry of Health and Population’s conflicting roles as...
Healthier SG: a gateway for evolving public-private population partnerships in population health
Singapore’s new Healthier SG policy aims to integrate private general practitioners into the national primary care system via public-private partnerships, shared protocols, and unified IT and funding models. While the Ministry of Health has tackled several barriers to...