Universal health coverage (UHC) is central to the global commitment to ensure that all people can access quality health services without financial hardship, as articulated in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with a target date of 2030. As this deadline...

Understanding the financial hardships faced by TB/HIV patients in Indonesia during the pandemic
This study examined out-of-pocket (OOP) spending and catastrophic health costs among tuberculosis (TB) and HIV patients in Bandung and Yogyakarta, Indonesia, during the COVID-19 pandemic using a mixed-methods approach. About 5.13% of households faced catastrophic...
Illness to poverty in India: a qualitative exploration of hardship financing for healthcare
Despite government efforts to control health expenditures in India, households in Kerala's Pathanamthitta district face substantial out-of-pocket expenses (OOPE) for medical care, forcing them to rely on hardship financing through borrowing and asset sales. This...

Unmet needs among children in Europe
New data shows 3.2% of EU children missed medical care in 2024, rising to 4.2% among poorer families. Finland leads with highest unmet needs; Malta and Croatia have the lowest rates. New Eurostat data reveals that while most children in Europe receive necessary...
Estimates of non-communicable disease expenditure by disease phase, sex, and age group for all OECD countries
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent a growing share of global health expenditure, yet comparable data across countries remain scarce. Understanding how costs vary by disease phase, sex, and age group is critical for anticipating future health system needs and...
The Role of Healthcare in Reducing Inequalities and Poverty in the EU
This report, The Role of Healthcare in Reducing Inequalities and Poverty in the EU, published by the European Commission, explores how public healthcare can alleviate social and economic disparities across EU Member States. Chapter 2 examines household-level...
Catastrophic health expenditure among households with differently abled children and adolescents in Puducherry, India: a mixed-method study
Households caring for differently abled children often face unique financial and social challenges, with healthcare costs being one of the most significant burdens. The study Catastrophic health expenditure among households with differently abled children and...
Disease-specific distress healthcare financing and catastrophic out-of-pocket expenditure for hospitalization care in Bangladesh
This study examined out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditures for hospitalization in Bangladesh using data from the 2022 Household Income and Expenditure Survey covering 14,395 households. The average annual OOP cost per hospitalization was USD 418, nearly twice as high in...
Can people afford to pay for health care? New evidence on financial protection in Italy
Italy experiences higher catastrophic health spending than many EU countries, predominantly affecting low-income, southern-region, and pensioner-headed households, driven by outpatient medicines and care for poorer groups and dental care for wealthier ones....
Cross-regional study of evidence gaps on unmet needs for health and social care: executive summary
Universal health coverage (UHC) is central to ensuring equitable access to health and social care services, yet significant unmet needs remain across regions, particularly among older populations. While global monitoring indicators track progress toward UHC, they...
Access to healthcare services and factors associated with unmet needs among migrants in Phuket Province, Thailand
This study examines healthcare access and the factors contributing to unmet needs among migrants in Phuket Province, Thailand. The findings reveal that unmet needs are primarily linked to undocumented status, financial barriers, and language difficulties. Employment...
Financial toxicity of hemophilia care in Southeast Asian countries
In their recent Viewpoint published in The Lancet Regional Health – Southeast Asia, authors Jose Marco Antonio II, Stephanie Wang, Frederic Ivan L. Ting, Jeremiah R. Vallente, Edward Christopher Dee, and Erin Jay G. Feliciano examine the pressing issue of financial...
Survey of health status and healthcare use among the over-18s in three health zones in Benin
This survey on the health status and healthcare use of the over-18s (ESRS) is the fruit of collaboration between Belgian and Beninese universities in 2024. The survey report provides a detailed and representative picture of the health, economic and social situation of...
Out-of-pocket cost and financial catastrophe of patients with cancer: the alarming cost-of-illness in Bangladesh
This study assessed the annual out-of-pocket (OOP) costs of cancer care for patients in Bangladesh, their coping mechanisms, and the financial distress they experienced. Using data from three hospitals, researchers estimated an average annual OOP cost of US$ 6,504 per...
Forgone Care of doctor’s visits in Germany – Results from three cross-sectional surveys
A study analyzing data from German representative surveys found that 21% of participants reported forgone care in the past year, with higher rates in women and younger adults. The main barriers to accessing care were categorized as systemic, psychological, and...
