The government of Paraguay enacted Law No. 1032 on December 30, 1996, governing the country's national health system. Chapter VIII, Article 33, and Chapter X specifically address the financing of the system through the National Health Fund, the body responsible for...
Portugal’s health system is predominantly tax-financed and provides universal coverage through the National Health Service (NHS), which operates alongside health subsystems serving specific groups. Despite comprehensive care delivered by both public and private...
The Strategic Plan 2025-2030 of the Peruvian Ministry of Health was approved in February 2025. It has, among others, institutional strategic objective 4, which is to strengthen the steering, regulatory and supervisory role of the Ministry of Health. Among others, the...
The Health Sector Strategic Plan (HSSP) V for 2024/25–2028/29 outlines a comprehensive approach to advancing Rwanda's health sector toward universal health coverage by 2030, aligning with broader national and global goals. It focuses on five strategic pillars:...
Rwanda’s Ministry of Health has launched the fifth Health Sector Strategic Plan to strengthen healthcare and achieve universal health coverage by 2030. Focus areas include workforce, infrastructure, quality care, and innovation, with a funding gap of 21%-32%. The...
Tajikistan’s health system offers a publicly financed basic benefits package, but many individuals remain ineligible for coverage. Most healthcare services are publicly managed by the government. Initiatives like 'Health for All' and the 'Universal Health Coverage'...
In Thailand, primary health care (PHC) is the first point of access to health services for all Thai citizens within the district health system. This case study investigates the political economy factors that have influenced Thailand’s decades-long implementation of...
Malta has a tax-based national health system that provides nearly universal access to its citizens, with significant out-of-pocket spending accounting for 30% of total health expenditure in 2021. The country is focused on enhancing healthcare infrastructure and...
Luxembourg's health system, based on statutory health insurance and public financing, provides universal access and low out-of-pocket expenses, while facing challenges in workforce shortages that the government is addressing through domestic training programs and...
Key Insights The United Kingdom’s National Health Service (NHS) provides universal health coverage, primarily funded through general taxation, ensuring access to comprehensive care based on need rather than the ability to pay. Health and social care responsibilities...
Key Points Uzbekistan's health system currently provides a basic set of publicly financed health services, but it does not cover all essential services or medicines. The Ministry of Health oversees the organization and management of the largely public health services,...
On 16 October 2023, WHO issued a report titled "Primary health care financing in Ukraine: a situation analysis and policy considerations". As reported by WHO-Europe, this report delves into the current state of primary health care (PHC) financing in Ukraine and...
This report presents the findings of the Health Financing Progress Matrix assessment for Jordan, highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of its health financing policies in relation to global standards. It identifies key priorities, such as addressing fragmentation...
Cyprus introduced the General Healthcare System (GeSY) in 2019, providing universal coverage, expanding provider networks, and sharply reducing household out-of-pocket healthcare spending. While the system has improved access and decreased unmet medical needs,...
By Resolution No. 28 of the Council of Ministers dated January 19, 2021, the State Program "Public Health and Demographic Security" for 2021-2025 was approved. Its goal is to create conditions for improving the health of the population, covering all stages of life,...
