{"id":987631442,"date":"2023-02-03T08:18:54","date_gmt":"2023-02-03T07:18:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/p4h.world\/countries\/allemagne\/"},"modified":"2025-10-30T13:49:30","modified_gmt":"2025-10-30T12:49:30","slug":"allemagne","status":"publish","type":"country","link":"https:\/\/p4h.world\/fr\/countries\/allemagne\/","title":{"rendered":"Allemagne"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Germany has one of the lowest rates of unmet needs in Europe<\/a>, with the difference in insurance coverage between income groups being less than one-fourth of a percentage point. Government health expenditures represent more than 20% of government expenditures, which is the fourth highest in the so-called WHO Europe Region in 2022.[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

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Le syst\u00e8me allemand de financement de la sant\u00e9, qui repose en grande partie sur le syst\u00e8me d’assurance maladie obligatoire, comprend \u00e0 la fois l’assurance maladie l\u00e9gale (SHI) et l’assurance maladie priv\u00e9e (PHI)[2].[2]<\/a><\/sup> Il repose sur le mod\u00e8le d’assurance sociale \u00e9tabli en 1883 par Otto von Bismarck[3][3]<\/a><\/sup> (chancelier de l’Allemagne \u00e0 l’\u00e9poque), qui reste encore aujourd’hui un mod\u00e8le de syst\u00e8me bas\u00e9 sur l’assurance permettant de faire progresser la couverture sant\u00e9 universelle.<\/p>\n

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La SHI couvre environ 89 % de la population.[4]<\/a><\/sup> L’extrait suivant de Germany : Health Care & Long-Term Care Systems<\/a>, publi\u00e9 par la Commission europ\u00e9enne, \u00e9num\u00e8re les services couverts par la SHI.<\/p>\n

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L’assurance maladie couvre les services de pr\u00e9vention, les soins hospitaliers et ambulatoires, les services m\u00e9dicaux, les soins de sant\u00e9 mentale, les soins dentaires, l’optom\u00e9trie, la kin\u00e9sith\u00e9rapie, les m\u00e9dicaments sur ordonnance, les aides m\u00e9dicales, la r\u00e9adaptation, les soins palliatifs, les soins de grossesse, les cong\u00e9s maternels et l’indemnisation des cong\u00e9s de maladie.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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SHI operates with self-governing sickness funds (96 in 2023)<\/a>. The sickness funds collect contributions and send them to a central \u201creallocation pool\u201d, the Gesundheitsfonds (in English, Health Fund), which reallocates the funds back, based on risk-adjusted criteria.[5]<\/sup> SHI contributions are calculated as a percentage of income, with supplementary premiums added by individual sickness funds when necessary.[6]<\/sup><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”TEXT – BLOCK 5″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”||||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”]Les quelque 11 % de la population qui ne sont pas couverts par le SHI le sont par le PHI. Ce pourcentage plus faible de la population comprend principalement des personnes \u00e0 hauts revenus, des ind\u00e9pendants et des fonctionnaires. La PHI facture des primes en fonction de l’\u00e2ge et des risques de sant\u00e9. [7]<\/a><\/sup>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”TEXT – BLOCK 6″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”||||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

L’extrait suivant de Allemagne : R\u00e9sum\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me de sant\u00e9 2022<\/em><\/a>publi\u00e9 par l’Observatoire europ\u00e9en des syst\u00e8mes et des politiques de sant\u00e9, explique la gouvernance du syst\u00e8me de sant\u00e9 allemand.<\/p>\n

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La gouvernance du syst\u00e8me de sant\u00e9 dans le pays est complexe et d\u00e9centralis\u00e9e : elle est divis\u00e9e entre le niveau f\u00e9d\u00e9ral, le niveau des \u00c9tats et les organes corporatistes d’auto-gouvernance. Alors que le niveau f\u00e9d\u00e9ral fixe le cadre juridique g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, les gouvernements des \u00c9tats sont responsables de la planification hospitali\u00e8re et des services de sant\u00e9 publique et ont, par exemple, jou\u00e9 un r\u00f4le de premier plan dans la mise en \u0153uvre des mesures visant \u00e0 r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie de COVID-19. Toutefois, la majeure partie du pouvoir de d\u00e9cision au sein du syst\u00e8me SHI est d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9e \u00e0 des organismes corporatistes (tels que les associations de prestataires et les caisses de maladie). Les secteurs de la sant\u00e9 publique, des soins ambulatoires et hospitaliers et des soins de longue dur\u00e9e sont soumis \u00e0 des l\u00e9gislations diff\u00e9rentes et sont donc s\u00e9par\u00e9s en termes d’organisation, de financement et de remboursement. <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”TEXT – BLOCK 9 – Footnotes” _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”13px” custom_margin=”20px||||false|false” custom_padding=”||||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”]R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1]<\/span> Base de donn\u00e9es sur les d\u00e9penses de sant\u00e9 dans le monde<\/a>, Organisation mondiale de la sant\u00e9 (choisir un pays)<\/p>\n

[2]<\/span> Bl\u00fcmel, Miriam, et al. “ Germany: Health System Review<\/a> <\/em>” Health Systems in Transition<\/em>, vol. 22, no. 6, 2020, p. xxii.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/span> Ibid<\/a>, p. 14.<\/em><\/p>\n

[4]<\/span> Bl\u00fcmel, Miriam, et al. “Allemagne : R\u00e9sum\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me de sant\u00e9 2024<\/a><\/em>” Observatoire europ\u00e9en des syst\u00e8mes et des politiques de sant\u00e9, 2024, p. 5.<\/p>\n

[5]<\/span> Bl\u00fcmel, Miriam, et al. “Allemagne : R\u00e9sum\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me de sant\u00e9 2022<\/a><\/em>” Observatoire europ\u00e9en des syst\u00e8mes et des politiques de sant\u00e9, 2022, p. 4.<\/p>\n

[6]<\/span> Bl\u00fcmel, Miriam, et al. “ Germany: Health System Review<\/a> <\/em>” .” Health Systems in Transition, vol. 22, no. 6, 2020, p. xxiv.<\/p>\n

[7]<\/span> Ibid<\/a> <\/em> pp. xxiii-xxiv.<\/p>\n

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Principales caract\u00e9ristiques des syst\u00e8mes allemands de protection sociale et de financement de la sant\u00e9<\/h3>\n

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Pour plus de d\u00e9tails sur les r\u00e9formes de 1883 \u00e0 2025, veuillez consulter le document<\/h4>\n

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Germany has one of the lowest rates of unmet needs in Europe, with the difference in insurance coverage between income groups being less than one-fourth of a percentage point. Government health expenditures represent more than 20% of government expenditures, which is the fourth highest in the so-called WHO Europe Region in 2022.[1]Le syst\u00e8me allemand de…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":987786406,"template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":""},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/p4h.world\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/country\/987631442"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/p4h.world\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/country"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/p4h.world\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/country"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/p4h.world\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":44,"href":"https:\/\/p4h.world\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/country\/987631442\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":987789835,"href":"https:\/\/p4h.world\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/country\/987631442\/revisions\/987789835"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/p4h.world\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/987786406"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/p4h.world\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=987631442"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}