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The health system in Tajikistan operates under a centralized governance structure, primarily managed by the Ministry of Health and Social Protection, with the public sector serving as the main provider of health services. Despite efforts to reform and improve healthcare delivery, Tajikistan faces significant challenges, including low levels of public health financing, a heavy reliance on out-of-pocket payments, and an underdeveloped primary care infrastructure. This analysis delves into the key aspects of the Tajik health system, exploring its organization, financing, service provision, and the ongoing reforms aimed at enhancing overall health system performance.