In response to the significant rise in the prevalence of chronic diseases, Indonesia’s national health insurance agency (Badan Pengelola Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan or BPJS Kesehatan) implemented several purchasing arrangements for managing chronic conditions under the national health insurance scheme (Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional or JKN). One of these arrangements is PROLANIS (Program Penanggulangan Penyakit Kronis), a chronic disease management programme in primary care that focuses on patients with hypertension and diabetes under the JKN. A performance-adjusted capitation payment known as the pay for performance (P4P) capitation payment-mix system has been introduced to primary health care providers. The selected performance indicators include goals of PROLANIS. This case study aims to offer evidence-informed recommendations on the use of purchasing arrangements to enhance the quality of care for patients with noncommunicable diseases and those with chronic illness in Indonesia.