Sweden’s health system combines high public funding, universal coverage, modern technologies and strong prevention efforts, which underpin low unmet need and comparatively good population health outcomes. Policy priorities in recent years have centred on improving availability and timeliness of care, notably through increased choice and privatization in parts of primary and specialist care, strengthened primary care, standardized and more centralized specialist services, and a shift from activity-based and pay-for-performance models to fixed or capitated payments. Additional innovations, including role substitution, digitalization, and a national maternity care strategy, aim to enhance coordination, continuity, and overall system efficiency.