A recent scoping review synthesizing literature and data from 2000 to 2024 provides a comprehensive overview of Syria’s health system, aiming to guide post-conflict recovery efforts. The study highlights persistent challenges such as politicization of healthcare, workforce shortages, fragmented financing, and inequitable access, alongside centralized governance and a growing reliance on the private sector. It concludes that the current recovery phase presents a critical opportunity for policymakers to enact reforms that foster a more equitable and resilient health system in Syria.