The Italian National Health Service Law (Servizio Sanitario Nazionale - SSN) was established on December 23, 1978, to guarantee health as a fundamental right of every individual and as a public good for society. This comprehensive healthcare law set the foundation for...
Portugal: Country Health Profile 2023
This profile provides a concise and policy-focused overview of the state of health and the healthcare system in Portugal. It presents a succinct analysis encompassing the following key aspects: the current health status in Portugal; the determinants of health,...
Preventive Health Care Act in Germany for Primary Prevention and Health Promotion
The Prevention Act (PrävG), which came into force on July 25, 2015, aims to improve cooperation between social insurance providers, states, and municipalities in promoting health and prevention for people of all age groups. This initiative emphasizes prevention in...
History of primary health care in Iran
Iran’s primary health care system has evolved since the early 1980s into a model of equitable and community-based health service delivery. Rooted in the principles of the 1978 Alma-Ata Declaration, the system established a nationwide network of rural and urban health...
WHO Report: Purchasing for quality chronic care
Summary Report by the WHO Research Project titled 'Purchasing arrangements to strengthen quality health services for chronic diseases' implemented by WHO Kobe Centre (Japan) in collaboration with the WHO Department of Health System Governance and Financing...

Progress has slowed on universal health coverage: Here’s what needs to happen
In 2021, 4.5 billion people – half the world’s population – were not covered by essential health services, says a report from the World Health Organization and World Bank.The report, titled "Tracking Universal Health Coverage: 2023 Global Monitoring Report," shows...
Universal Health Coverage Global Monitoring Report 2023
The Universal Health Coverage Global Monitoring Report 2023 released by the WHO Division of Data, Analytics and Delivery for Impact, WHO Division of Universal Health Coverage/Life Course and the World Bank’s Health, Nutrition and Population Global Practice.The 2023...

Billions left behind on the path to Universal Health Coverage
The 2023 Universal Health Coverage (UHC) Global Monitoring Report by WHO and the World Bank highlights a concerning stall in progress towards providing quality, affordable, and accessible healthcare for all. The 2023 Universal Health Coverage (UHC) Global Monitoring...
Financing Universal Health Coverage in the Republic of Congo: Opportunities for Domestic and External Resource Mobilization
This paper examines health financing options for achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in the Republic of Congo, focusing on domestic and external resource mobilization. It highlights the challenges Congo faces, including a significant financing gap, slow...

HGF Webinar on health systems strengthening: Lessons from small island developing states
The WHO Health Systems Governance and Finance Webinar Series presents a webinar titled, 'Health systems strengthening: Lessons from small island developing states' on Wednesday, July 5, 2023 at 8 PM CET (July 6 2023, 6 AM Fiji Time).Health System strengthening,...
Banking on Health: The surging pandemic of health financialization
Report by the Society for International Development tells the story of how finance has gained unprecedented influence over our lives, subjugating health goals to shareholder values, market fluctuations and failures.Health financialization has surged in the last 30...
National Health Systems Strategy for Malta 2023-2030
The document outlines the strategic direction being pursued by the Maltese Government to ensure that health features as a key priority across all other national policies, sectors, and investments. It sets out the framework that anchors the vision for the development...
Germany: health system summary 2022
Germany’s decentralized health system operates under compulsory statutory health insurance (SHI) and substitutive private health insurance (PHI), with broad, equitable benefits and low out-of-pocket costs, spending 11.7% of GDP on health—the highest among EU...
Supporting Health-Care Financing Reform in Mongolia: Experiences, Lessons Learned, and Future Directions
Mongolia's healthcare financing reform has introduced health insurance and shifted to an output-oriented model, aligning with a market economy. The Asian Development Bank’s support offers valuable lessons for other countries in the region. The Asian Development Bank’...
Strategy for building resilient health systems and recovery in post-pandemic COVID-19 to sustain and protect public health gains.
Strategy for building resilient health systems and recovery in post-pandemic COVID-19 to sustain and protect public health gains.
